Household prices · all EU countries

Electricity prices in Europe

first half of 2026 2,500–4,999 kWh

In the first half of 2026, electricity for households in the EU was cheapest in Hungary (€0.114/kWh, including all taxes and levies) and most expensive in Ireland (€0.387/kWh).

The EU average was €0.283/kWh.

The highest EU average since 2021 was €0.292/kWh, in the first half of 2024.

Price per kWh incl. all taxes

Average household price, consumption 2,500–4,999 kWh a year.

€0.114€0.387/kWh

All countries

Country	Incl. taxes
EU average	€0.283
Hungary	€0.114
Malta	€0.127
Bulgaria	€0.134
Croatia	€0.182
Slovakia	€0.199
Luxembourg	€0.202
Estonia	€0.212
Slovenia	€0.212
Lithuania	€0.216
Portugal	€0.237
Denmark	€0.238
Greece	€0.240
Latvia	€0.242
Netherlands	€0.244
France	€0.249
Spain	€0.251
Cyprus	€0.269
Finland	€0.269
Romania	€0.284
Czechia	€0.288
Poland	€0.300
Sweden	€0.306
Italy	€0.314
Austria	€0.326
Belgium	€0.358
Germany	€0.362
Ireland	€0.387
outside the EU
Türkiye	€0.066
Georgia	€0.073
Kosovo	€0.087
Bosnia & Herzegovina	€0.100
Montenegro	€0.104
North Macedonia	€0.117
Albania	€0.119
Serbia	€0.120
Moldova	€0.187
Norway	€0.199
Iceland	€0.208
Liechtenstein	€0.299

/kWh · first half of 2026

All countries: Taxes, PPS

Average price per kWh paid by households, sorted from cheapest to most expensive.

Country	Incl. taxes	Excl. VAT	Excl. taxes	Wholesale, 12 mo.	Taxes	PPS	vs. a year ago
Hungary	€0.114	€0.090	€0.090	€0.133	21%	0.1470	+10%
Malta	€0.127	€0.121	€0.119	–	6%	0.1375	+1%
Bulgaria	€0.134	€0.112	€0.112	€0.123	17%	0.2104	+3%
Croatia	€0.182	€0.161	€0.147	€0.128	19%	0.2455	+12%
Slovakia	€0.199	€0.167	€0.139	€0.126	30%	0.2466	+5%
Luxembourg	€0.202	€0.187	€0.187	€0.113	7%	0.1547	−24%
Estonia	€0.212	€0.173	€0.151	€0.077	29%	0.2306	−8%
Slovenia	€0.212	€0.174	€0.163	€0.145	23%	0.2414	+17%
Lithuania	€0.216	€0.179	€0.179	€0.096	17%	0.2681	+3%
Portugal	€0.237	€0.205	€0.158	€0.082	33%	0.2820	−1%
Denmark	€0.238	€0.190	€0.189	€0.111	20%	0.1844	−32%
Greece	€0.240	€0.227	€0.197	€0.109	18%	0.2900	+4%
Latvia	€0.242	€0.200	€0.199	€0.094	18%	0.3046	−1%
Netherlands	€0.244	€0.202	€0.268	€0.112	10%	0.2080	+2%
France	€0.249	€0.209	€0.173	€0.088	31%	0.2334	−7%
Spain	€0.251	€0.215	€0.178	€0.082	29%	0.2797	−4%
Cyprus	€0.269	€0.249	€0.195	–	27%	0.2988	−8%
Finland	€0.269	€0.215	€0.192	€0.054	29%	0.2274	+18%
Romania	€0.284	€0.234	€0.216	€0.130	24%	0.4689	+48%
Czechia	€0.288	€0.238	€0.234	€0.119	19%	0.3434	−9%
Poland	€0.300	€0.244	€0.159	€0.121	47%	0.4112	+17%
Sweden	€0.306	€0.245	€0.212	€0.065	31%	0.2460	+15%
Italy	€0.314	€0.285	€0.236	€0.146	25%	0.3277	−5%
Austria	€0.326	€0.272	€0.248	€0.126	24%	0.2861	+12%
Belgium	€0.358	€0.338	€0.278	€0.111	22%	0.3160	+0%
Germany	€0.362	€0.304	€0.239	€0.113	34%	0.3243	−6%
Ireland	€0.387	€0.355	€0.351	€0.143	9%	0.3281	+20%
outside the EU
Türkiye	€0.066	€0.060	€0.059	–	11%	0.1345	+6%
Georgia	€0.073	€0.062	€0.062	–	15%	–	−3%
Kosovo	€0.087	€0.080	€0.078	–	10%	–	+13%
Bosnia & Herzegovina	€0.100	€0.085	€0.084	–	16%	0.1775	+7%
Montenegro	€0.104	€0.086	€0.095	–	9%	0.1786	+7%
North Macedonia	€0.117	€0.099	€0.099	–	15%	0.2242	+2%
Albania	€0.119	€0.099	€0.099	–	17%	0.1815	+3%
Serbia	€0.120	€0.100	€0.087	€0.114	28%	0.1911	+9%
Moldova	€0.187	€0.187	€0.187	–	0%	–	−13%
Norway	€0.199	€0.164	€0.206	€0.092	3%	0.1499	+0%
Iceland	€0.208	€0.168	€0.164	–	21%	0.1261	+3%
Liechtenstein	€0.299	€0.276	€0.260	–	13%	–	−1%

What a kWh is made of

Average household price in 2025, split into energy and supply, network costs, taxes and levies, and VAT.

Energy & supply

Network costs

Taxes & levies

VAT

Türkiye€0.058

Georgia€0.073

Kosovo€0.082

Bosnia & Herzegovina€0.095

Montenegro€0.099^*

Hungary€0.108

North Macedonia€0.115

Serbia€0.116

Albania€0.118

Malta€0.128

Bulgaria€0.133

Croatia€0.163

Slovakia€0.187

Norway€0.195^*

Slovenia€0.198

Lithuania€0.203

Moldova€0.205

Iceland€0.206

Finland€0.227

Estonia€0.230

Greece€0.234

Romania€0.239

Portugal€0.241

Latvia€0.245

Netherlands€0.247^*

France€0.262

Poland€0.263

Spain€0.264

Luxembourg€0.266^*

Sweden€0.269

EU average€0.289

Cyprus€0.292

Liechtenstein€0.306

Austria€0.309

Italy€0.313

Czechia€0.324

Ireland€0.338^*

Denmark€0.341

Belgium€0.354

Germany€0.385

* Negative values: tax credits exceed the taxes at this consumption level.

Why prices differ so much

The wholesale price of electricity is similar across much of Europe because the markets are coupled. What households pay differs mainly because of everything that comes on top: network charges, taxes and levies, VAT and the supplier's costs and margin. Some countries also regulate retail prices or have capped them since the 2022 energy crisis.

That is why the cheapest and the most expensive EU countries can be several times apart, even when their wholesale prices are close.

Prices and purchasing power

The PPS column converts the price into purchasing power standards, an artificial currency that removes differences in price levels between countries. A kWh that looks cheap in euro can be expensive relative to local incomes – and the other way round.

FAQ

Which households do these prices refer to?

Households with an annual consumption of 2,500 to 4,999 kWh, the most common band. The prices are averages for each half-year and include fixed charges spread over the kWh consumed.

How do these prices relate to the live prices on this site?

The live prices are day-ahead wholesale prices, quarter-hour by quarter-hour. This page shows what households actually paid on average, including network costs, taxes and VAT, as reported by official EU statistics a few months after each half-year.

Why is my own price different?

Your price depends on your contract, your grid area and how much electricity you use. These figures are national averages across all contracts.

Official EU statistics, published twice a year. Sources and licences are listed on the data sources page. Data sources · Methodology